A cry of alarm and pain from one of the most luminous voices of Italian Jewry.

Since the terrorist attack of 7 October and the war in Gaza, Israel has entered a self-destructive spiral. Internal conflicts, instead of fading into national solidarity, have exploded. International relations have deteriorated enormously and anti-Semitism has quickly returned, spreading like a virus. And while from the American diaspora there are faint calls for a ceasefire and a political (non-military) solution, the European diaspora, with the exception of a few isolated voices, is deafeningly silent. Why? How did this happen? And what is the way forward? This short and incisive essay was born out of Anna Foa’s grief over the 7 October massacre and the death and destruction of the Gaza war: the same grief. It recounts the transformations of the State of Israel and those of the Jewish diaspora, arguing that any support for Israel’s rights - existence and security - cannot be separated from active support for Palestinian rights. Hamas cannot be destroyed without a change in Israeli policy towards the Palestinians, without the beginning of the creation of a Palestinian state, without a political agreement with some Arab countries. But none of this can be done by Netanyahu’s government.